继2020年中国专利法修改通过后，配套的中国专利法实施细则于2023年通过修订，目前已实施。

本文总结梳理了本次《细则》修订的五大要点。

一、关于诚实信用原则的细化

修改后的专利法第20条引入诚实信用原则。

申请专利和行使专利权应当遵循诚实信用原则，不得滥用专利权损害公共利益或者他人合法权益。

在这一基础上，《细则》具体要求专利申请人提出的各类专利申请应当以真实发明创造活动为基础。专利权人也不得通过提供虚假材料、隐瞒事实等手段，作出开放许可声明或者在开放许可实施期间获得专利年费减免。

《细则》还规定了上述违法行为的行政责任可能会被予以警告或罚款。

解读： This article is a refinement of the principle of good faith as stipulated in Article 20 (1) of the Chinese Patent Law amended in 2020. On this basis, the new rules have also made synchronous adjustments to the provisions for the initial review, actual review, and invalidation stages. Combined with the measures taken by the China Intellectual Property Administration in recent years to combat abnormal applications, it can be considered that this adjustment provides a legal basis for “cracking down on abnormal applications”.

二、中国专利法关于延迟审查请求的修改

2023年，中国国家知识产权局发布了《发明专利申请延迟审查办理指南》，引入发明专利申请延迟审查制度。

The Detailed Rules have confirmed this practice in legislation, making it clear for the first time that “applicants may request a delay in examination of patent applications”. Delayed examination has many benefits for applicants, please refer to the article: ““专利申请的慢、中、快程序“

解读： The examination guidelines revised in 2019 added the situation of “delayed examination” for the first time. On August 30, 2023, the China National Intellectual Property Administration issued the Guidelines for Handling Delayed Examination of Patent Applications for Inventions, which provided further guidance on the handling method of delayed examination. However, there has never been any provision for delayed examination in the Chinese Patent Law. This revision of the detailed rules confirms for the first time the delayed review system in legislation, ensuring the legal basis for relevant regulations such as the guidelines.

三、中国专利法关于优先权制度的修改

过去，中国专利法规定，在中国以外提出的发明、实用新型和外观设计专利申请享有外国优先权，在中国提出的发明和实用新型专利申请享有本国优先权。而在中国提出的外观设计申请，并不享有本国优先权。

修改后的专利法将本国优先权延伸到在中国提出的外观设计专利申请。在这一背景下，《细则》完善了优先权制度的配套规则。

解读： 2020年专利法增加了外观设计专利的本国优先权，修改后的细则完善了外观设计本国优先权的配套规则，而且增加了外观设计以发明或者实用新型作为本国优先权基础时，在先申请视为撤回的例外情形。这主要是考虑到外观设计申请并不会导致发明或者实用新型不符合专利法第9条关于相同的发明创造的规定，而且也符合社会公众的客观需求。

四、中国专利法关于外观设计国际申请的修改

2022年中国加入《工业品外观设计国际注册海牙协定》（1999年文本）。
专利法第四次修改时，就已提前作出一些适应性的规定。如将外观设计的保护延伸到局部外观，将外观设计的保护期从10年延长到15年。为了在操作层面满足《海牙协定》的需要，《细则》对外观设计国际申请与国内程序的衔接作出配套规定。

按照海牙协定已确定国际注册日并指定中国的外观设计国际申请，视为向CNIPA提出的外观设计专利申请，该国际注册日视为中国申请的申请日。国际局公布外观设计国际申请后，CNIPA对外观设计国际申请进行审查”。CNIPA审查后没有发现驳回理由的，作出授权决定。无论授权与否，CNIPA均会将审查决定通知国际局。

此外，《细则》在优先权要求、新颖性宽限期、分案申请、设计要点简要说明、权利变更手续等方面都作出了具体要求。

解读： These clauses are newly added supporting and adaptive systems for China’s accession to the Hague Agreement on the International Registration of Industrial Design, in order to meet the operational needs of the Hague Agreement and also to meet the needs of linking international applications for design with domestic procedures. Previously, only national academic or technical conferences were stipulated in the situation of not losing novelty. This revision has added academic or technical conferences convened by international organizations, in line with the trend of social development and technological exchange.

五、中国专利法关于开放许可制度的修改

修改后的专利法引入了专利开放许可制度，鼓励专利权人主动公布许可条件，方便实施者获得专利许可。专利法勾勒了开放许可的制度框架，《细则》补充规定了更具体的操作性规则。

解读： 2020年《专利法》中确立了开放许可制度，其中规定了开放许可的专利可获得年费减免，为防止权利人为获得减免而作出虚假的开放许可声明，修改后的细则中特别增加了第88条的规定，而且违反该条规定的还可处以罚款。为了避免后续纠纷，存在权利负担的专利不得实施开放许可；对于通过开放许可达成专利实施许可的，应当许可文件进行备案。

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